Analysis

PFOF and Minority Investors: Structural Inequality in Markets

Robinhood targeted younger and minority investors with zero-commission trading — a product that systematically extracts value from these communities.

The Wealth Gap Connection

PFOF extraction widens the racial wealth gap by extracting value from communities least able to afford it and transferring it to one of the wealthiest individuals in America.

PFOF minority investorsCitadel racial equityPFOF wealth gap

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